Gear-planer.



No. 722,098. PATBNTED MAR; 3, 1903.

J. B. GLEASON.

GEAR PLANBR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

flttcsi Inventor. 7% M c5 $M No. 722,098. PATENTED'MAR. a, 1903.

J r. GLEASON GEAR PLANEE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 22. 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No MODEL.

mm II.HMW

No. 722,098. VPATBNTBD MAR. s, 1903. J. E. GLEASON. GEARPLANER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. 1902.

1T0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mm M l W {I F m llll III II qn 1| 1| mmlmmmmmm Z I W I Y g 1 In ummml.unmnm 1.. I

. NIH mw" lliiimim 'lllllllliiiii AX l Inventor No. 722,098. PATENTEDMAR. 3, 1903 I J. E. GLEASON.

GEAR PLANER.

n nnnnnnnnnnnn 4.

Urn Tamas JAMES E. GLEASON, OF ROCHESTER, NEWV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THEGLEASON \VORKS, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

GEAR-PLANER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 722,098, dated March 3,1903.

Application filed May 22, 1902.

T (l/ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES E. GLEASON, of Rochester, in the county ofMonroe and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Gear-Planers, which improvement is fully set forth in the followingspecification and shown in the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to gear-planers generally, but more particularly tomachines for forming the teeth of bevel-gears; and the inventionconsists in an improvement upon the gear-planer shown and set forth inLetters Patent No. 678,337, granted to W. Gleason and J. E. Gleason July9, 1901.

The main object of my present invention is to provide mechanism wherebythe cuttingtool for forming the teeth will be automatically rocked ortilted as it is carried forward by the feed mechanism from the pointtoward the bottom of the tooth for the purpose of giving the teeth theexact curvature and form required. This rocking or tilting of the toolis effected in the plane of its axis and at right angles with thehorizontal center line of the machine. When the tool begins its work onthe upper face of a tooth and at the point thereof, its point isinclined upward; but as the tool progresses it approaches a horizontalposition, the point of the tool inclining downward when the base of thetooth is reached. In Working upon the under face of the tooth thesepositions of inclination of the tool are reversed.

The invention is hereinafter fully described, and more particularlypointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings,forming a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a plan of a gear-planer similar to that shown in saidLetters Patent No. 678,337, with my improved mechanism for rocking thetool in place thereon. Fig. 2 is an elevation of parts seen as indicatedby arrow 2 in Fig. 1, the vertical section of the frame and associatedparts being taken on the broken dotted line at the point of the arrow.Fig. 3 is Figs. 5 and 6 fierial No. 108,680. (No model.)

l-are face views of the two branches, respectively, of the form-riderseparate and detached. Fig. 7 is an axial section of the formrider andassociated parts at the end of the tilting shaft, taken on the dottedline 7 7 in Fig. 8. Fig. 8 isa view at the endof the toolcarrying arm,showing the parts when the tool is about to commence work upon the upperface of a tooth, the view being indicated by arrow 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 9is a view similar to Fig. 8, showing the partswhen the tool hascompleted its work' on the side of a tooth. Fig. 10 is a View of thetool-carrying arm and associated parts seen as indicated by arrow 10 inFig. 1, parts being broken away. Fig. 11 shows different positions ofthe cuttingtool when working on the under face of a tooth. Fig. 12 is atransverse section of the tool-carrying arm and the tilting shaft, takenas on the dotted line 12 12 in Fig. 1, parts being shown in twopositions each by full and dotted lines. Fig. 13 is a transverse sectionof the tool-carrying arm and other parts, taken on the dotted line 13 13in Fig. 1. Fig. let is a transverse section of the tool-stock and aportion of the slide through the axis of the clamping-bolt, taken on thedotted line 14 14 in Fig. 1. Fig. 15 is a side elevation of thetool-stock detached. Fig. 16 is a rear elevation of the tool-stockdetached and the toolbox, showing the slot and other manners ofconstruction of the parts. Figs. 17, 18, and 19 show, respectively, infull and in dotted lines the positions of the tool at the beginning andat the finish of a single stroke or cut, showing also the progress ofthe tool from the point to the root of the tooth.

Figs. 1, 2, 10, 12, 13, 15, and 16 are drawn to a scale smaller, andFigs. 4, 11, 14, 17, 18, and 19 to various scales larger, than that ofFigs. 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.

Referring to the parts shown, A, Figs. 1 and 2, is the frame of themachine, and B the head-block, adapted to be shifted longitudinally uponthe frame in the usual manner. O is the turret-base, resting upon theframe A, and D the turret, mounted upon the base 0 and adapted to turnin horizontal directions thereon, the construction and arrangement ofall of these parts being substantially as shown and set forth in said Gis a tool-carrying slide in the arm E, and

I a crank connected with the slide G by a rod K, by means of which whenthe crank is turned the slide will be reciprocated in the arm E. Thecrank is rigid with a shaft L, Fig. 10, held eccentrically in a sleeveM, Figs. 1 and 10, rigid with the turret D, and provided withanoverhanging bevel-gear S for operating the feed mechanism. A bevelsleeve-gear N, Figs. 1, 2, and 10, is fitted to turn upon the sleeve M,the construction and operation of these parts and the manner of drivingthe slide G being the same as set forth in the Letters Patent abovereferred to. A bevel-pinion c, Fig. 2, (shown by dots in Fig. 1,)engages the gear N, it being provided with a spur-gear c turned by adrivingpinion e, and an intermediate 6', the pinion 6 being rigid with avertical shaft f central in the sleeve b. The shaftfis turned to 0perate the planer by the means shown and described in said LettersPatent, a bevel-gear 9 being employed on the lower end of the shaft astherein shown.

F, Figs. 1, 2, 8, 9, and 10, is a horizontal overhanging rest for theouter free end of the arm E, the latter being formed with adownward-projecting part 76 to meet the rest and slide therealong as thearm is moved forward or backward by the feed and the returningmechanism. This rest bears directly upon the frame A and is held inplace by a clamping-bolt h, occupying and adapted to traverse a circularslot t' in the frame, whereby the rest may be shifted in circulardirections upon the frame.

0, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 7, l2, and 13, is a tilting shaft held in a bearing P,rigid with the arm E, and passing horizontally through a projecting partof the slide G, this shaft being parallel with said arm E. Rigid withthe outer end of the shaft 0 is a laterally-projecting flare-arm R, (seeFig. 3,) adjacent to and coacting with which is a form-rider T,.

in two parts or branchesp 19, Figs. 5 and 63, secured in place by ascrew Z, threaded centrally in the end of the shaft, upon which screwthe branches 1) p are adapted to turn.

U, Figs. 1, 2, S, 9, and 10, is a controllingform held by bolts m m toan extended part T0 of the rest F in position to control the branches ppof the rider T. This form U is made with a deep opening a" in one edge,having two similar opposing curved edges 5 s, as shown, constitutingforms for the teeth,

the advance of the arm E duringits feed motions causing the rider T tobe carried into the opening r, as shown in Fig. 9, the two branches 1)19 being closed together. The flare-arm R is formed with holes i t andthe branches p p of the form-rider have similar holes to u in suchpositions that a dowel-pin '12, Figs. 4, 8, and 9, may be passed throughthe holes 11. t to cause the flare-arm and the branch 19 to move as onepiece or through the holes a if to cause said arm and the branch 19' tomove together. When either branch of the rider T is temporarilyconnected with the flare-arm, as stated, the other branch idles.

From the foregoing description of the mechanism it will be understoodthat if the parts be in the-positions shown in Fig. 8 and the arm E bethen moved toward the left, as in feeding, it will carry the form-riderinto the openingr in the form, the parts assuming the positions shown inFig. 9. As the rider enters the form the branch p, gliding in under theform edge 8, will be gradually depressed at its outer end, and so turnthe flare-arm R downward, the pin 0) being in place, causing the shaft 0to correspondingly turn in the bearing P. Also when the arm E isreturned to its original position (shown in Fig. 8) the shaft 0 will beturned back to its original position by the action of a weight V, Figs.2, 8, and 9, connected by a cord to on a wheel 1) (see Fig. 1) with apin 03 in the hub of the flare-arm R, the latter and the branch 1) againassuming their positions shown in Fig. 8.

The slide G has an upwardly-extended curved part y formed with acylindrical concave face 3 Figs. 12, 13, and 14:, for holding thetool-stock H, the latter being formed with a circular or convex part .2(see Figs. 13 to 16) to rest in the hollow of the party against the facey. The part a is also formed with a cylindrical concave face or side .2,01 being a plane-convex block or body fitted to the concave side 2 ofthe annular part z of the tool-stock and held to place by a stout screwa, Figs. 2 and 14., passing through a slot 1), Figs. 14 and 16, in saidpart .2 and threaded in the extended part y of the slide G. The surfacesin contact of the coacting parts y .2 d are truly cylindrical, thecurved surfaces 3 and 2 being concentric, on account of which thetool-stock may move or turn upward or downward to the positionsindicated by full and dotted lines in Fig. 12, the annular part 2 of thetool-stock during these motions sliding between the block d and theslide G, these motions of the tool-stock being permitted on account ofthe slot 1) in the part 5.

A circular toothed rack 0, Figs. 1, 2, and 12, is secured to the freeend of the annular part 2 of the tool-stock, which is engaged by atoothed segment 01 on the tilting shaft 0. The segment d is formed witha hub or sleeve 2', Figs. 2 and 13, extending through the adjacent partof the slide G and provided with a retaining-collar 7t at its projectingend.

Thus joined, the sleeve or hubt" can have no endwise motion in the slideG, but it may turn freely therein. The shaft 0 is formed with a splinel, the sleeve '2' having a corresponding keyway on to receive thespline, as shown. On account of this construction of the parts it willbe understood that as the.

crank I is turned to move the slide G along the arm E the toothedsegment (1' will be caused to slide forward and backward along the shaft0, but will turn with the shaft. Thus when the shaft is turned by theaction of the form U upon the branch 19 of the formrider or by theaction of the weight V, as above set forth, the tool-stock will beturned upward or downward around upon its hearing in the slide G, asindicated.

The tool 0 is a truncated wedge when viewed as from the cone-center ofthe machine. The slant of the two cutting edges is determined by theparticular curvature of the tooththat is to say, the larger the diameterof the gear the more nearly does the curved face of the tooth approach aplane, said curved face of the tooth of a gear of small diameter bendingaway more sharply from a plane. This being the case the two slant sidesof the cutting-tool, converging toward the point, must converge morerapidly for forming the teeth of a gear of small diameter than forforming the teeth of a gear of large diameter. The tool shown is aboutthe average form.

The cutting-tool 0 is accurately formed and precisely set in thetool-box f of the toolstock H, Figs. 1, 2, and 10, so that for formingor finishing the upper surfaces of the teeth A of the gear B, Figs. 17,18, and 19, the lower corner g (see also Figs. 12 and 13) of the pointof the tool will be exactly in the horizontal center line or axis of thecurved surfaces 'y ,2" of the parts y .2 d, above mentioned, whichcenter line is also, in all positions of the tool-stock and the slide,radial with the cone-center of the machine. On account of this, it willbe understood, said corner g of the tool will not be moved or shiftedfrom its position in said center line by any of the circular or rockingmotions of the toolstock produced by the action of either the form U orthe weight V, said corner g being at the center of all of these motions,and it will also be understood that the corner 9 of the tool, whilemoved by the action of the crank I in lines radiating from thecone-center of the machine, will also always be in the horizontal planecommon with said cone-center, while the arm E carries the tool forwardand backward on account of the action of the feed and the returningmechanisms. Viewed as in Figs. 11 and 17 to 19 this horizontal plane andthe path of the motions of the corner g of the tool appear as a rightline to, (shown by dots and dashes,) the corner g while the tool isacting upon the upper surface of a tooth a never deviating from thisline during its feed and its retrogressive motions. The position of thetool 0 in the tool-stock is at right angles with the radial linefollowed byits point during its reciprocations, and the rocking motionsof the tool above described are in a plane at right angles with saidradial line.

The cutting-tool o is formed with two long cutting edges n 0', Fig. 17,to act during different operations of the machine upon the two sides ofthe teeth, and when it commences work at the point of the tooth, asshown in said figure, the point of the tool is elevated, (see also Figs.12 and 13,) the lower cutting edge 0 acting upon the tooth. When thetool finishes at thebase of the tooth, its point inclines downward, asshown in Fig. 19, Fig. 18 showing the position of the tool when midwayalong the face of the tooth. The positions of the tool at the beginningand the finish of each forward stroke or cut of the tool along the toothare shown in each of Figs. 17, 18, and 19 by full and by dotted lines,respectively, and it will be seen that the point of contact of the toolagainst the tooth gradually approaches the corner g as the tool movesforward from the big end to the little end of the tooth, shaping thelatter so that every longitudinal line along the face of the tooth shallbe radial with the cone-center of the machine.

The description of the operation of the cutting-tool has been so farmainly with reference to its Work on the upper curved side of the tooth.The work of the tool on the lower faces of the teeth is similar, onlythat its inclined positions are reversed, as shown in Fig. 11, and theupper corner 71, of its point instead of the lower corner 9 is broughtinto the horizontal plane of the cone-center. The tool, usually held,primarily, in a clamp box or holders o Figs. 2 and 10, and placed, asshown, in a rectangular opening through the tool-box f, is secured inplace by the ordinary binding-screw c threaded in the toolbox. Thetool-box f is constructed to turn in horizontal directions in its seatin the toolstock around a tapered swivel-pin d in the usual manner,these motions beingin a plane at right angles with the plane of therocking" motions of the tool-stock above set forth. The tool, togetherwith the clamp-holders If, is lowered in the box f for working on theunder surfaces of the teeth by removing a flat plate f from beneath theholders 1) and placing it above them, this plate having a thickness justequal to the width of the point of the tool 0. Also when forming theunder surfaces of the teeth the dowel-pin o, Figs. 4, 8, and 9, isinserted through the hole u in the branch 1) of the form-rider and thehole t, Fig. 3, in the flare-arm B. On account of this the lower edge 8of the form U controls the tilting shaft 0 when the feed motion of thearm E carries the form-rider into the opening r in the form U, the upperarm 19 of the formrider idling. When the machine is working in thismanner, the weight-cord w is also carried over the hub of the flare-armand attached to a pin 00', Figs. 8 and 9.

The rocking motions of the cutting-tool, de-

termined and controlled by the contours of are correspondingly shiftedaround the axis of the center shaftf, Fig. 2, in these movements, saidarm and rest moving together.

The indexing of the spindle P and the gear B is done in this machinepreferably in the manner and by the means and mechanism shown and setforth in said Letters Patent No. 678,337, the worm-gear B, Fig. 1, beingemployed on the spindle, as shown in said patent. Also the method ofdriving the machine, the feed mechanism, and the means for giving thetool-carrying arm its retrograde movements are the same, as shown andfully set forth in said Letters Patentthat is to say, the manner ofdriving the machine, the indexing, the feed, and the returning of thetool-carrying arm form no part of my present invention, and in thisinvention I do not confine myself to any particular method or mechanismfor accomplishing these results.

What I claim as my invention,'and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A gear-planer having a tool-carrying arm, a reciprocating slide heldby the arm, a tool-post on. said slide for holding a cuttingtool havinga straight cutting edge arranged to shape the side of a gear-tooth, andmeans for swinging the tool-post to carry the cuttingtool around an axisat right angles to said cutting edge and passing through the extremitythereof.

2. A gear-planer having a tool-carrying arm, a reciprocating slide heldby the arm, a tool-post on said slide for holding a cuttingtool having astraight cutting edge arranged to shape the side of a gear-tooth, meansfor swinging the tool-post to carry the cuttingtool around an axis atright angles to said cutting edge and passing through the extremitythereof, comprising a shaft held by the slide and operatively connectedto said tool-post and means for turning said shaft.

3. A gear-planer having a tool-carrying arm, a reciprocating slide onthe arm, a toolpost held movably by the slide, a shaft held by the slideand the tool-carrying arm, and

means for turning the shaft and the tool-post, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

4. Agear-planer comprisingatool-carrying arm, a reciprocating slide onthe arm, a toolpost held movably by the slide, a toothed segment on thetool-post, a shaft passing through the slide, a toothed segment on theshaft to engage the toothed segment on the tool-post, and means to turnthe shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. A gear-planer comprising a tool-carrying arm, a reciprocating slideon the arm, a toolpost held movably by the slide, a shaft held by saidarm and the slide to control the toolpost, an arm on the shaft, a form,and a rider for the form to control the shaft, substantially asdescribed.

6. A gear-planer com prising a tool-carrying arm, a reciprocating slideon the arm, a toolpost held by the slide, a shaft held by thetoolcarrying arm, an arm on the shaft, a form, and a rider for the form,having branches, substantially as shown and described.

7. A gear-planer having a tool-carrying arm, a reciprocating slide onthe arm, a toolpost held by the slide, a shaft held by the toolcarryingarm, an arm on the shaft, a form, and a rider for the form, havingmovable branches, and means for securing said branches alternately tosaid arm on the shaft, substantially as set forth.

8. A gear-planer having a tool-carrying slide formed with a concavity, atool-post having a convex part to occupy said concavity, formed with aconcave side, a convex body to occupy said concave side of thetool-post, and means for holding the parts together, the toolpost beingmovable in the slide, substantially as set forth.

9. A gear-planer having a tool-carrying slide formed with a concavepart, a tool-post having a part formed with a slot, convex on one sideand concave on the other, to meet said concave part of the slide, a bodyhaving a convex side to meet the concave side of the tool-post, and aclamping-screw piercing said convex body and the tool-carrying slide andpassing through the slot, substantially as shown and described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 13th day of May,1902, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES E. GLEASON.

Witnesses:

Enos B. WHITMORE, MINNIE SMITH.

